Wednesday, 18 June 2008

The end of the avatar.

The rule under Rama's regime was on full swing. The subjects were loving it. Rama used to even control his neighbours who were torturing their subjects. This used to give neighbouring kingdoms peace as well. Shatrughna was his commander in chief and used to take care of all the army matters.His chief exploit was the killing of Lavanasura, the demon King of Mathura, who was a nephew of Ravana, the King of Lanka who was slain by Rama.
Lavanasura was the son of Madhu, the pious demon-king after whom the city of Mathura was named. Madhu's wife and Lavanusara's mother was Kumbhini, a sister of Ravana. Lavanasura was the holder of the divine Trishula (Trident) of Lord Shiva, and nobody was able to kill him or prevent him from committing sinful activities.
Shatrughna begged Rama and his elder brothers to allow him the opportunity to serve them by killing Lavnasura. Shatrughna killed the great demon with an arrow imbibed with the power of Vishnu. Lakshmana used to take care of the administrative affairs, while Bharatha was Rama's advisor on decision making stuff.
A legend by Rishi Agastya in the epic states that Vishnu in a previous age had been cursed by a rishi, whose wife had been killed by Vishnu for sheltering his enemies escaping from battle. The Rishi condemns Vishnu to be denied for a long age, the companionship of his soul mate, just as Vishnu, by an inadvertent display of anger, had deprived the rishi of his loving wife. Thus Rama, Vishnu's incarnation, must live the rest of his life without Sita.
So, once, it is reported to him that some subjects of his in Ayodhya believe that Sita is unchaste due to her long captivity in Ravana's city. The Agni pariksha fails to convince these few critics, but Rama, by his understanding of the dharma of a king, decides to banish Sita. Rama adhered strictly to his duty both as a king and a husband. These conflicted when society thought that Sita was unfit to become queen. But Rama had to send away Sita since his duty of king came first. Rama banishes his wife Sita, even as she is pregnant, asking Lakshmana to deliver her safely to Rishi Valmiki's ashram.
In the original Valmiki Ramayana, Valmiki wrote that Rama was nothing more than an ideal human being. However, Brahminical reshaping and interpolation of the Ramayana eventually presented Rama as a supreme deity. The first stage includes the composition of books 2 - 6 sometime in the fifth century BCE and their oral transmission up to and including the fourth century BCE. Rama is presented as an essentially human hero. The second stage extends from the third century BCE to the first century CE, during which time those five books were reworked and expanded. This period brings greater status for the king. For most of this period, Rama is viewed as an ethical human. The third stage extends from the first to the third century CE, bringing with it the addition of book 1 (‘The book of childhood’) and the somewhat later book 7 (epilogue). This stage is marked by the presentation of Rama as an avatar of Vishnu. This stage also produced a pronounced emphasis on Varna- Dharma: Sambuka, the Sudra ascetic, is killed by Rama in order to bring a Brahmin boy back to life.
Valmiki was going to the river Ganga for his daily ablutions. A disciple by the name Bharadwaja was carrying his clothes. On the way, they came across the Tamasa Stream. Looking at the stream, Valmiki said to his disciple, "Look, how clear is this water, like the mind of a good man! I will bathe here today." When he was looking for a suitable place to step into the stream, he heard sweet chirping of birds. Looking up, he saw two birds flying together. Valmiki felt very pleased on seeing the happy bird couple. Suddenly, one of the birds fell down hit by an arrow; it was the male bird. Seeing the wounded one, its mate screamed in agony. Valmiki's heart melted at this pitiful sight. He looked around to find out who had shot the bird. He saw a hunter with a bow and arrows, nearby. The hunter had shot the bird for food. Valmiki became very angry. His lips opened and he uttered the following words:
mAnishAda pratishTAtum samagah ssAshvatIssamAh
yat krouncha mithunAdEkam sokam avadhIm kAma mOhitam
"You who have killed one of the birds engaged in the act of love,
thus, may you not yourself live long!"
This was the first shloka in Sanskrit literature. Later Valmiki composed entire Ramayana due to the blessings of Lord Brahma in the same meter that issued forth from him as a sloka. Thus this sloka is revered as the "first sloka" in Hindu literature. Valmiki is revered as the first poet, or Adi Kavi, and the Ramayana, the first kavya.
Now, Sita gives birth to a pair of twins in the ashram of sage Valmiki and names them Lava and Kusha. Born in the Forest after Sita had been banished from Ayodhya, they were educated and trained in military skills and were under the care of Sage Valmiki. They are made experts in the Valmiki Ramayana without even knowing that Sita is their mother and Rama their father. They even recite the Ramayana in Ayodhya and become the apple of the people's eyes there. But then, at some juncture, they develop a hatred for Rama because he banished his own wife, listening to the comments of a washerman subject of his.
So, at this juncture,Rama decides to perform the Ashwamedha, but it was not possible without his consort. So he makes a golden statue of Sita, and with a lot of pain and missing Sita, he starts the yagna. Then the Ashva is let loose. Lava and Kusha capture the Ashva. They refuse to give it back. Shatrughna first comes to get it with him. But, he is injured and comprehensively defeated by them.
Then, an enraged Lakshmana comes leading a part of the army to fight them. Looking at them, he is reminded of himself and Rama, during the Tadaka and Maricha, Subahu days. He fights them, but isn't able to give an answer to their arrows. He is beaten comprehensively.
Then, Bharatha asks Rama if he should go. Rama says that if they could defeat Lakshmana, they must not be ordinary kids. So he decides to come next.
When he does, he is surprised considering they were the kids who sang the Valmiki Ramayana with such elan. But the army realises that only Rama could match them arrow to arrow, and it is a strong fight. By then, the friends of the kids lead Hanuman to their mother. When Anjaneya realises they are Sita's sons, he is shocked at the prospect of father fighting sons. He immediately leads Sita to the war field where Rama drops his weapons at the sight of Sita and starts weeping. There Sita tells them all the truth. Now, Rama asks her to undergo another Agni Pariksha for her to come as completely chaste back into Ayodhya. This time, the earth splits, and Bhooma Devi, mother earth, and the mother of Sita, tells that she is scared to allow her daughter to undergo the risky Agni Pariksha a second time and that she knows that she is chaste, and takes her into the ground with her, thus ending the advent of Mahalakshmi as Sita.
Then, Rama takes his sons with him and trains them in all political disciplines.
At one point of time, Rama had to discuss with Vashishta and thus asks Lakshmana to guard the room. Then comes sage Durvasa. When he is not allowed in by Lakshmana, he curses Lakshmana that he'll die early and leaves the place.
Then, Lakshmana with the blessings of his brother goes to a yogic trance and as such attains samadhi, to join the serpent, Adi Seshan.
Rama, after fulfilling all his duties, makes Lava the king of the Northern part of the kingdom, centred at Lahore, whereas Kusha is made the king of the Southern part of the kingdom, centred at Kasur. Following this, he goes into the river Sarayu, and attains jala samadhi. Many other trusted followers of his, like Sugriva, Bharatha, Shatrughna and others attain Samadhi with him. Shunning the heavens, Hanuman however, requested to remain on earth as long as Rama's name was venerated by people. Rama accorded Hanuman that desire, and granted that his image would be installed at various public places, so he could listen to people chanting Rama's name. He is one of the chiranjeevis in Hinduism.
And till Hanuman is here, so shall stay lord Rama's holy name.

SHRI RAM, JAYA RAM, JAYA JAYA RAM!!

1 comment:

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